Enter Dezinho, the leader of a small but robust farm workers' union fighting against land grabs, ecological destruction, and blatant human rights abuses. Josélio cut a grisly path to success: having arrived in the jungle with a shady past, he quickly made a name for himself as an invincible thug who grabbed massive tracts of public land, burned down the jungle and executed or enslaved anyone trying to stop him. Araujo's accretion of detail has a powerful effect' New York Times ' Excellent' Kirkus Reviews Deep in the heart of the Amazon, an entire region has lived under the control of one notorious land baron: Josélio de Barros. Our method is fast, simple, and can be easily extended to large areas on the Google Earth Engine cloud-computing platform.' Powerful' Financial Times ' More twists and turns than a Hollywood spy thriller' Spectator ' A story we all need to hear' New Statesman ' Gripping. Results show annual ecosystem disturbance caused by urban expansion is well captured, with a change detection accuracy higher than 80%. We evaluate the performance of the proposed method in Shanghai, China, which has experienced rapid urbanization during the past few decades. We then develop change and stable models to identify change time points in the time series. We first generate annual Landsat cloud/shadow free NDVI mosaics and then NDVI time series spanning the period from 2000 to 2010. Here we extract annual vegetated land loss to urbanization information with Landsat time series and implement it on the Google Earth Engine (GEE), a cloud-computing platform, for large area applications. However, few studies use Landsat time series to monitor urbanization at higher temporal frequencies, especially for applications focusing on large geographic areas, mainly due to the lack of efficient algorithms and computation facilities to handle large data volume. Landsat imagery has long been utilized to monitor urbanization and ecosystem change at regional and local scales. Urban expansion (urbanization) often causes significant disturbance to ecosystems surrounding cities, sometimes resulting in the removal of large amounts of biomass and in turn putting the human-nature systems at risk.
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